Less than 3 days old, pitch half. More than three days add fresh wort to slurry for one day and pitch half. More than a week old, make a starter.
For the OP i would think this is a good quick rule of thumb.
Really, if you have had good experience with your 10oz, then I would go with that. The reality is that there are a LOT of factors that go into the yeast health and viability that it really is a crap shoot and any rule of thumb here or anywhere makes many assumptions on those factors.
If you really want the way to figure out the right pitch, you need to get a microscope, a hemacytometer, and some methylene blue stain. With them, you can count and calculate the viable cells in the slurry and then calculate the proper pitch rate from there.
Beyond doing that, it is all just hand-waving estimations and approximations. Like I said, I would just stick with your 10 oz if it consistently gives good results and no fermentation related (especially yeast stress) off flavors.